This article is based on the research by all colleagues involved in the process formation and development of the International Union of Architects (UIA) Work Program on Natural and Human Disasters. As is well known, the natural events such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, etc. become disasters because of the fragile relations that exist between the natural, human and built environment. Unfortunately, major disasters will always occur in towns and cities in the developing world where resources are limited, people are vulnerable and needs are particularly great. Yet it is possible in theory and in practice, to construct in a way that provides a sustainable environment and improves the conditions for the current and future generations. In this respect, the concept of ‘sustainable reconstruction’ has surfaced in the international arena as a successful strategy to deal with disasters, since it addresses the issue of sustainability. And the UIA stands in defense of the environment, ecology, promotion of the landscape and sustainable, fair and resilient urban environments.